STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL TRADING

Abstract

Introduction. The article examines current trends and strategic directions for improving international agricultural trading in the context of global transformations. It is established that the dynamic growth of international trade in agricultural products is accompanied by structural changes, in particular, an increase in the role of developing countries and the growth of high-value product segments. Purpose. The article analyzes scientific approaches to assessing the effectiveness of international agricultural trade and identifies key factors affecting the competitiveness of agri-food companies in foreign markets. Methods. It is substantiated that the internationalization of agricultural enterprises, despite potential advantages, is associated with increased risks, higher costs, and greater complexity in management processes. The main challenges to the development of international agricultural trade are identified, including volatility in world prices, shifting demand geography, climate change, logistical constraints, and geopolitical instability. Particular attention is paid to the impact of these factors on Ukraine's agricultural sector, which is largely dependent on external markets and the global environment. Results. As a result of the study, a strategic architecture for international agricultural trade was proposed, and four key areas for improvement were identified. The first area involves the digitalization of agricultural trade processes through the implementation of modern technologies. The second area is the optimization of supply chains and the development of logistics infrastructure. The third strategic area concerns the development of risk management tools, particularly the use of derivatives, agricultural insurance, and hedging mechanisms to minimize price and production risks. The fourth area involves improving the regulatory environment, harmonizing standards with international market requirements, and adapting to EU norms, which opens new opportunities for exports. Conclusion. It is proven that implementing the proposed strategic directions requires a comprehensive approach that includes developing digital infrastructure, improving the regulatory framework, investing in logistics, and establishing effective risk management mechanisms. The need to transform the structure of Ukrainian agricultural exports to increase the share of high-value products is emphasized. It is determined that increasing Ukraine's competitiveness in world agricultural markets is possible only under the condition of systematic modernization of agricultural trade, coordination of actions among the state, business, and scientific environment, and adaptation to long-term global challenges.